PROVISIONAL CODES!: not for Citation or Use WITHOUT AUTHOR PERMISSION !!! WORLD-SYSTEM LINKAGES IN THE STANDARD SAMPLE: POLITICAL AND CATASTROPHIC CHANGE. New codes. Michael L. Burton, Candice Bradley, Douglas R. White, and Carmella C. Moore. (Note: as these codes are provisional, authorship may change depending on further inputs). STDS50.DAT Variables 1086 - 1112 These codes are unfinished, and the authors invite commentary. Author permission is required to use or cite these codes prior to completion. Burton, White and Bradley prepared the original codebook for this study. Original coding was done principally by Bradley with assistance from Moore, with Michael Winkelman coding several societies, and Burton and White checking codes and coding several societies. White assembled and recoded materials from the original codebooks into the present codes and codebook. These variables are relatively close to the original codes. The coding was supported by NSF grants BNS-8304782 and BNS-8507685. Those parts of the original codebooks and codes from which these codes are derived may be cited as follows: Bradley, Candice, Douglas R. White, and Michael L. Burton. n.d. Codes on Political History, Conquest, and Colonization. World Systems Coding Project, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Irvine. Michael L. Burton, Candice Bradley, and Douglas R. White, n.d. Codes on World System Contacts, Cultural Penetration, and Catastrophic Changes. World Systems Coding Project, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Irvine. Finished Variable Codebook Filename: TURB.COD Diskette: Worldsys from 3-21-87 7:50p VERSION: ( )A1 ( )A2 ( )B ( )C other( )____ VERSIONS ARE LISTED A1/2 First Society Name: _____________ Number: _______ ** means A has, C doesn't C Second Needs Addl Research ( )Y ( )N on Questions: * means C has, A doesn't ____________________________________________ Coding Problems:____________________________ 1086. Date of Observation (Pinpointed) [20] Cover _____ 1087. Political Entities Conquored, Colonized or Displaced in last 100 Years (earlier conquests in footnotes) [21] 1E/F 2A . = Missing data 40 0 = None 1 = Peaceful colonization or displacement (expansionist migration, assimilation or intermarriage) 9 2 = Warlike expansion and displacement without conquest or colonization 1 3 = Conquest but not colonization distance:______ 2 4 = Conquest and colonization distance:______ 1088. Frequency of successful expansions into another society in past 100 years [22] */1F 2A . = Missing data 41 0 = None 2 1 = Once 4 2 = Several times - no more than 4 = episodes 6 3 = Very frequent or continual 1089. Estimate of Distance to Furthest Society Conquored: [24] */1F 2A . = Missing data 42 0 = None 1 = Neighboring 1 2 = Less than two hundred miles (10-200) but not neighboring 2 3 = Over 200 miles, same continent 4 = Different Continents 1090. Society was Conquored, Colonized or Displaced by political entities in last 100 Years prior to observation (note earlier conquests) [25] 2B * . = Missing data 11 0 = None 4 1 = Peaceful colonization or displacement (expansionist migration, assimilation, intermarriage or annexation with effective sovereignty and administration) 2 2 = Warlike expansion and displacement without conquest or colonization 7 3 = Conquest but not colonization distance: ________ 17 4 = Conquest and colonization distance: ________ 2 5 = Colonization but not conquest distance: ________ 1091. Frequency of successful expansions into this society in past 100 years 2B [26] * . = Missing data 15 0 = None 9 1 = Once 6 2 = Several times - no more than 4 = episodes 7 3 = Very frequent or continual 1092. Catastrophic Shifts Causing Depopulation (last 50 years): [35] 2L 5A . = Missing data 25 1 = None 1 2 = Animal Disease (* if non-domestic) 3 = Crop Disease 21 4 = Human ( ) Disease ( ) Starvation ( ) Warfare with State Level ( ) Intensification of Local (esp. Non-State) Warfare 1 5( ) 2&3 4 6( ) 2&4 7( ) 3&4 8( ) All three 1093. Number of Years prior to observation for beginning of problem(s) causing depopulation [36] 2L 5A . = Missing data 31 0 = None Population: ________ 24 _____ 1094. Number of Years prior to observation for ending of problem(s) [37] causing depopulation (i.e., before population stable or increasing) 2L 5A . = Missing data 17 0 = None Population: ________ 13 1 = Had not recovered 1 < = less than 10 years before observation 1 > = less than 10 years after observation 4 _____ 1095. Percentage of Population Lost (100% minus popul in 37 as % of that in 36)[38] 2L 5A . = Missing data 39 0 = None 17 _____ 1096. Percentage Recovery (popul at observation in 39a as % of that in 36) [39] * ** . = Missing data 11 0 = None 7 1 = Had not recovered ?? _____ 1097. Population at date of observation: [39a] 1098. Population at date of observation: [39a] 1099. Population at date of observation: [39a] . = Missing data _____ persons 1100. Societal Migration or Relocation in past 100 years [40] 2M 5B . = Missing data 27 1 = None 1a Movement restricted by pre-state groups 4 2 = Voluntary Migration, not the effect of world market 2a Forced migration by pre-state groups 6 3 = Voluntary migration as a world market response 3a Movement restricted by state-level groups 3b Voluntary migration a world system not world market response 14 4 = Forced Migration as a result of colonial power of state 1101. Other Societal Migration, Relocation or Settlement in past 500 years [41] 2M 5B . = Missing data 25 1 = None 1a Movement restricted by pre-state groups 4 2 = Voluntary Migration, not the effect of world market 2a Forced migration by pre-state groups (give reason in #44) 2 3 = Voluntary migration as a world market response 3a Movement restricted by state-level groups 3b Voluntary migration a world system not world market response 12 4 = Forced Migration as a result of colonial power of state 1102. Time in New location until date of observation [42] 2M 5B . = Missing data 29 0 = None problem: what if relatively 26 ______ years continuous over a period (e.g. Kikuyu)? 1103. Distance Migrated (miles) [43] 2M 5B . = Missing data 37 0 = None 16 ____ miles; Other: ______ 1104. Reason for Migration or Relocation [44] 2M 5B . = Missing data 28 0 = N.A. 1 = 4 2 = Expansion to new areas due to population pressure, * intensification 3 = Expansion to depopulated areas 1 4 = Expansive, in conflict with other groups, trade access 3 5 = Defensive, in peaceful competition with other groups 8 6 = Defensive, in violent conflict with other groups 5 7 = Gvmt resettlement for labor, pacification, colonizing, * agriculture 3 8 = Other: _______ 1105. Effects of Relocation on (a) trade or position in world system; 2N (b) gender roles; (c) Social Structure, Land tenure, etc. (REVISE) [45] 5C 5 . = Missing data 29 0 = N.A. 8 1 = Positive Effect (e.g., Trade Networks Expanded) 3 2 = Little or None 1 3 = Transformation of agriculture to private ownership 1 4 = Increased stratification, warfare (e.g., due to horse) 1 5 = Grouped into villages to resist attack 1 6 = Weakened 3 7 = Displaced trad'l groups, or fragmentation into smaller groups 3 8 = Disrupted lifestyle or subsistence base 1106. Reservation or Reserve Status at time of Observation [46] 2O/2P----v 5D . = Missing data 35 0 = No 10 1 b Granted Original lands, right to live there and move about 1b b Granted "current" lands, as above, but migrations restricted 1 2 c Original Lands; must carry pass or id when not there 3 d Original Lands; No right to live elsewhere permanently 4 4 abResettlement on Marginal Lands: right to live there and move about 5 acResettlement; must carry pass or id when not there 1 6 adResettlement; No right to live elsewhere permanently 1107. Society unintentionally caught up in state level warfare [47] 4C?/* 5E . = Missing data War:_________ 29 1 = No Dates:_______ 3 2 = Yes, minor Involvement:___________ 2 3 = Yes, moderate 4 4 = Yes, major 1 6 ? 1108. Years before (or after) observation when warfare first stopped [58] 1109. Years before (or after) observation when warfare first stopped [58] 4C/B 6B . = Missing data 0 = No Warfare to Restrict OR 0 1 = Warfare not restricted 11 2 = Warfare informally restricted 1 _____ years ( ) before ( ) after observation (check one) 9 ( ) if gradual reduction beginning at this date 1110. Restrictions on Warfare in effect at time of observation (including restriction by sheer influx of colonists or settlers) [59] 4C/B 6B . = Missing data 11 0 = No Warfare to Restrict 14 1 = Warfare present and not restricted 2 = Warfare discouraged but not stopped 13 3 = Warfare restricted and reduced but not stopped 15 4 = Warfare restricted and stopped ( ) check here if defensive only ( ) if restricted by influx of colonists or settlers 1111. Effects of restriction above (either) on Men and Women [60] 4D/C 6C . = Missing data 11 0 = No Warfare to Restrict 11 1 = Warfare not restricted 4 2 = No or little Effect (e.g.,had been fairly peaceful, or battles prearranged) 1 3 = Women not enslaved, men not killed 1 4 = Men's trade up, women's contribution reduced 1 5 = More feasting among men 3 6 = Men's labor free for cash cropping, wage labor, or agriculture, animal husbandry 2 7 = New means of dispute settlement, including reliance on new govt. 1 8 = Broke up age grading 2 9 = Broke up stratification, slavery, or political stratification * = Other ______ 1112. Number or Type of Turbulent Changes . = Missing data 8 0 = None 5 1 = Migration 4 2 = Disease and Depopulation 3 3 = Conquest 5 4 = Conquest and Colonization (SHOULD COUNT AS TWO!) 2 5 = Resettlement on Reservation or Land Grant 8 6 = Two of the above 8 7 = Three of the above 9 8 = Four of the above 2 9 = Five of the above