PROVISIONAL CODES!: not for Citation or Use WITHOUT AUTHOR PERMISSION !!!

    WORLD-SYSTEM LINKAGES IN THE STANDARD SAMPLE:  RENTS AND TAXES. New Codes 
    
    Douglas R. White, Michael L. Burton, Candice Bradley, and Carmella C. Moore. 
    (Note: as these codes are provisional, authorship may change depending on 
    further inputs).

      STDS48.DAT Variables 1066 - 1071
     <STDS48.DES>
     <STDS48.REL>

    These codes are unfinished, and the authors invite commentary.  Author 
    permission is required to use or cite these codes prior to completion. 

    Burton, White and Bradley prepared the original codebook for this study.  
    Original coding was done principally by Bradley with assistance from Moore, 
    with Michael Winkelman coding several societies, and Burton and White checking 
    codes and coding several societies.  White assembled and recoded materials 
    from the original codebooks into the present codes and codebook.  These 
    variables are relatively close to the original coding.  The coding was 
    supported by NSF grants BNS-8304782 and BNS-8507685. 

    That part of the original codebooks and codes from which these codes are 
    derived may be cited as follows: 
    
    White, Douglas R., Michael L. Burton, and Candice Bradley. n.d.  Codes on 
    Labor, Trade, Markets, and Political Incorporation.  World Systems Coding 
    Project, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Irvine. 

    
     Finished Variable Codebook      
Filename: RENTAX     Diskette: Worldsys
    from 3-16-87 12:43p
                                     VERSION: ( )A1 ( )A2 ( )B ( )C other( )____ 
    VERSIONS ARE LISTED              
    A1/2 First                       Society Name: _____________ Number: _______
    ** means A has, C doesn't        
    C Second                         Needs Addl Research ( )Y ( )N on Questions: 
    * means C has, A doesn't         ____________________________________________
                                     Coding Problems:____________________________

           Date of Observation (Pinpointed)
    Cover       _____

1066.  Changes in Land Tenure Affecting Entire Community SINCE time of 
       first non-local contact [48]
    3C/B
    5F     . = Missing data
      2    0 = No Land Ownership
     27    1 = No Change
           2 = Land Sold  ( ) voluntarily to colonizers/settlers
                          ( ) under duress to colonizers/settlers 
      9    3 = Land Confiscated with compensation    ( ) partial compensation
      8    4 = Land Confiscated without compensation
      1        Mixed

1067.  Taxes or tribute paid per Unit (MULTIPLE RESPONSES !!!!) [53]
    4B/A
    6A  
    3      . = Missing data
     24    1 = None
     12    2 = Individual
      6    3 = Household
           4 = 2&3
      1    5 = Kin Group
      3    6 = Community
      2    7 = Supra-Community (non-kin corp.)
     --        Mixed

1068.  Form of Tax Payment (Per Unit Taxes) [54]
    4A
    6A     . = Missing data
     23    1 z None
      4    2 x Goods
      8    3 y Currency
      4    4 xzLabor or Corvee 
      2    5 yzGoods and currency
      3    6 xyLabor and goods
      1    7xyzLabor and currency
      2    8 = Goods, labor, currency

1069.  Locus of Taxation (to whom paid): [55]
    4AB/4
    6A3    . = Missing data
     24    0 = No Taxation even locally
      7    1 = Local Taxation - e.g., local hamlet, irrig. society
     12    2 = Outside Power - e.g., colonial govt., state

1070.  Gender of Tax Payee [56]
     (4B/*)
     ??    . = Missing data
     23    0 = No taxes
     11    1 = Males only
      4    2 = Males and Females

1071.  Rents [57]
    */4A4
    6A4    . = Missing data
     38    1 = None  1a( ) Reciprocal patron/client exchange with outsiders
           2 = Sharecropping                          in connection with land
      4    3 = Currency - paid to landowner
           4 = Currency - paid to church
      3    5 = Currency - paid to Govt

    <stds49.cod>

    CODES NOT YET DEVELOPED

    1067.   Changes in Land Tenure due to Land Registration [4-]
    5F
        *   . = Missing data
            0 = No Land Ownership
            1 = No Land Registration 
            2 = No Change: Registered prior to WS contact
            3 = No Change: Registered after to WS contact
            4 = Land registration: positive effects on retention 
      1     5 = Land registration: negative effect, leading to loss of land

    NOT CODED:    3ABD/*    **
    *;5G     Loss of Indigenous forms of Subsistence - SEE SUBSISTENCE CODES

    1068.   Effects on Gender in Land Ownership [49]
    3E/A
    **      . = Missing data
      1     0 = No land Changes
            2 a Effect to restrict women's ownership / usufruct (circle one)
            3 b No effect of changes
      1     4 c Effect to restrict men's ownership / usufruct (circle one)

    1069.   Presence of Landless People [50]
    */3C
    **      . = Missing data
      1     1 = All or almost all have rights to land
            2 = Fewer than half have no rights to land
            3 = More than half have no rights to land
            4 = Most of the population has no rights to land

    1070.   Taxes or tribute paid on Capital Goods [51]
    4A
    **      . = Missing data
     13     1 = None
            2 = Land and/or farms
            3 = Tools
            4 = Animals
            5 = 2&3
            6 = 2&4
            7 = 3&4
            8 = 234

    1071.   Taxes or tribute paid on Transactions [52]
    ?/4A
    **      . = Missing data
     12     1 = None
            2 = Sales
      1     3 = Tolls
            4 = 2&3
            5 = Parastatals
            6 = 5&2 and/or 3
            7 = Other: _________

    <stds49.cod>