HUSBAND-WIFE RELATIONSHIPS Broude, Gwen, and Sarah J. Greene. 1983. Cross-Cultural Codes on Husband-Wife Relationships. ETHNOLOGY 22:263-280. Compiled with permission of Ethnology journal editors. STDS29.DAT Variables 739-755 739. Marriage Arrangements 38 . = Missing data 46 1 = Individual selects and/or courts partner autonomously: approval by parents or others unnecessary 26 2 = Individual selects and/or courts partner autonomously: parental, kin, and/or community approval necessary or highly desireable 5 3 = Individual suggests partner to parents or others: arrangements for courtship or marriage then proceed if choice is approved OR parents ask approval of individuals to initiate a match OR individual is approached by parent or others on behalf of suitor and can accept or reject the match 27 4 = Individual choice and arranged marriages are alternatives 25 5 = Parents choose partner: individual can object 19 6 = Parents choose partner: individual cannot easily object or rarely objects in fact 740. Marriage Arrangements (Female) 35 . = Missing data 12 1 = Individual selects and/or courts partner autonomously: approval by parents or others unnecessary 40 2 = Individual selects and/or courts partner authonomously: parental, kin, and/or community approval necessary or highly desireable 4 3 = Individual suggests partner to parents or others; arrangements for courtship or marriage then proceed if choice is approved OR parents ask approval of individuals to initiate a match OR individual is approached by parent or others on behalf of suitor and can accept or reject the match 27 4 = Individual choice and arranged marriages are alternatives 35 5 = Parents choose partner: individual can object 33 6 = Parents choose partner: individual cannot easily object or rarely objects in fact 741. Widow Remarriage: Choice of Partner 94 . = Missing data 28 1 = Widow chooses new husband herself with no outside interferences 27 2 = Remarriage into first husband's kin group usually or preferred, but widow can choose new husband from elsewhere if she wishes 4 3 = Widow chooses new husband herself, but from first husband's kin group or community 27 4 = Widow's husband's kin chooses new husband 6 5 = Remarriage is absent, uncommon, or strongly disapproved 742. Time of Mourning Before Remarriage of Widows 147 . = Missing data 4 1 = No period of mourning: remarriage as soon as possible 3 2 = One week to two months of mourning 9 3 = Over two months but less than one year of mourning 18 4 = One year or over of mourning 5 5 = No remarriage 743. Attitude towards Divorce 126 . = Missing data 11 1 = Expected, accepted, tolerated, not disapproved 16 2 = Mildly disapproved, e.g., attempts by others to reconcile couple, marriages expected to be permanent but divorce accepted without stigma if inevitable 11 3 = Approved if reasons are considered justified; otherwise disapproved 11 4 = Expected, accepted, tolerated, not disapproved in first years of marriage and/or before children; otherwise disapproved 11 5 = Strongly disapproved; stigma attached to divorce 744. Frequency of Divorce 101 . = Missing data 8 1 = Universal or almost universal 31 2 = Common, frequent, not uncommon 11 3 = Moderate: a small minority of couples divorce 10 4 = Frequent in first years of marriage and/or before children; rare thereafter 25 5 = Rare, isolated instances, never 745. Grounds for Divorce (Male) 105 . = Missing data 54 1 = No grounds necessary for divorce; divorce equaly easy or difficult with out without justification 17 2 = Grounds not absolutely necessary, but divorce is financially, legally and/or socially earlier with them 7 3 = Divorce only with grounds 3 4 = No divorce 746. Grounds for Divorce (Female) 104 . = Missing data 39 1 = No grounds necessary for divorce; divorce equally easy or difficult with or without justification 30 2 = Grounds not absolutely necessary, but divorce is financially, legally and/or socially earier with them 9 3 = Divorce only with grounds 4 4 = No divorce 747. Honeymoon Customs 134 . = Missing data 6 1 = Couple goes off alone or is secluded for some period 7 2 = Special schedules set up to allow couple to spend time together; e.g., coule given special dispensation to work together, visit or receive visitors together 20 3 = Special schedules set up for newlyweds, but not necessarily for the purpose of allowing them time together, e.g., wife excused from housework, visitors received by spouses separately, wife secluded 11 4 = No special arrangements for newlyweds 8 5 = Newlyweds avoid each others, either by tradition or from shyness 748. Customs surrounding Consummation of Marriage 120 . = Missing data 21 1 = Socially recognized as a special occasion and couple granted privacy 6 2 = Special occasion and private, but signal of consummation proof of potency, virginity awaited by others 8 3 = Special occasion, others present 31 4 = Not a special occasion 749. Living Arrangements for Newlyweds 70 . = Missing data 43 1 = Couple move into own house ideally or in reality 12 2 = Couple move in with parents, but separate room or partitioned area is provided 29 3 = Couple move in with parents for first year or so and then set up a separate household 26 4 = Couple live permanently in extended family setting; no special arrangements for newlyweds 5 5 = Couple live separated from each other for a period of time 750. Sleeping Proximity between Husbands and Wives 76 . = Missing data 43 1 = Same room and close proximity: e.g., same bed, same blanked, touching, back to back, adjacent sleeping places allocated to spouses 15 2 = Same room but no close proximity: e.g., different beds, different hammocks, different sections of room 45 3 = Same room, proximity unknown 7 4 = Different rooms 751. Privacy in Sleeping for Husbands and Wives (Only if Husband and Wife sleep in Same Room) 96 . = Missing data 6 1 = Husband and wife sleep together alone or with infants 13 2 = Husband and wife sleep with prepubescent children 6 3 = Unmarried members of nuclear family sleep with husband and wife, but either sons or daughters sleep elsewhere after early childhood 22 4 = All members of nuclear family below marriageable age sleep with husband and wife 11 5 = Other adults occasionally sleep with husband and and wife; e.g., other adult dependents who are temporary members of the newlyweds household 32 6 = Other adults permanently sleep with husband and wife 752. Husband-Wife Eating Arrangements 76 . = Missing data 71 1 = Husband and wife usually eat together 11 2 = Husband and wife are together during meals; wife does not eat with husband, but serves him and/or converses 28 3 = Husband and wife often, usually, or always eat apart 753. Husband-Wife Leisure Time Activities 88 . = Missing data 4 1 = Husband and wife usually spend leisure time together and at home, alone or with nuclear or extended family members 21 2 = Husband and wife sometimes spend leisure time together at home, and sometimes together in a group (e.g., they go over or have visitors); same-sex activities may be present, but they are not salient 21 3 = Husband and wife usually spend leisure time together, but group activities are emphasized: e.g., couple go to dances together, spend their time habitually in camp with others 28 4 = Husband and wife sometimes spend leisure time together as a couple or in a group, but sex- segregated activities are also salient: e.g., couple goes to dances, market together, but then join same-sex group 24 5 = Husband and wife generally spend leisure time apart: same-sex activities prgdominate 754. Wife-Beating 116 . = Missing data 14 1 = Absent 56 2 = Present 755. Husband Attends Birth 118 . = Missing data 11 1 = Husbands expected or allowed to attend the births of their children and usually do 4 2 = No taboo against presence of husband at births but husbands often (?) or usually are absent 4 3 = Husbands attend births only in emergencies 8 4 = Husbands not allowed to attend births, but have specific tasks or roles associated with labor or delivery 41 5 = Husbands not allowed to attend births and are explicitly barred from playing any role in labor or delivery