FEMALE STATUS: INDEPENDENT VARIABLES PART 1 Whyte, Martin K. 1978. THE STATUS OF WOMEN IN PREINDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES. Princeton University Press. Previously Unpublished codes provided by the author. STDS27.DAT Variables 680-709 STDS28.DAT Variables 710-738 Only the odd numbered societies are coded in this study. 680. Plow 94 . = Missing data 66 1 = Absent 26 2 = Present 681. Irrigation 100 . = Missing data 55 1 = Absent 31 2 = Present 682. Cereal Grains the Principal Crop 94 . = Missing data 45 1 = Absent 47 2 = Present 683. Roots or Tubers the Principal Crop 93 . = Missing data 71 1 = Absent 22 2 = Present 684. Tree Fruits and Starches the Principal Crops 94 . = Missing data 82 1 = Absent 10 2 = Present 685. Large Nonmilked Aboriginal Domestic Animals 99 . = Missing data 75 1 = Absent 12 2 = Present 686. Large Milked Aboriginal Domestic Animals 96 . = Missing data 61 1 = Absent 29 2 = Present 687. Small Aboriginal Domestic Animals - excluding dogs, cats, fowl, guinea pigs 98 . = Missing data 39 1 = Absent 49 2 = Present 688. Large Domestic Animals, only since European contact 94 . = Missing data 77 1 = Absent 12 2 = Present 689. Small Domestic Animals, only since European contact 106 . = Missing data 71 1 = Absent 9 2 = Present Hunting 690. Large Animals are Hunted and Important to the Diet 100 . = Missing data 44 1 = Absent 42 2 = Present 691. Small Animals are Hunted and Important to the Diet 104 . = Missing data 35 1 = Absent 47 2 = Present 692. Intermediate Animals are Hunted and Important to the Diet 104 . = Missing data 33 1 = Absent 49 2 = Present Warfare 693. Frequency of Intercommunity Armed Conflict 95 . = Missing data 49 1 = Past, supralocal, or absent 42 2 = Present and endemic local warfare (collapsed from an original five categories) Male Solidarity 694. Male Initiation Ceremonies (Guttman Scale - see Frank Young, 1965) 111 . = Missing data 37 1 = No initiation 10 2 = Minimal social recognition 7 3 = Personal dramatization of the initiate 3 4 = Organized social response 18 5 = Affective social response: beating, hazing or operations (coefficient of scalability = .76) 695. Male Solidarity (Guttman Scale - see Young and Bacdayan 1965) 93 . = Missing data 57 1 = No institutionalized male solidarity 7 2 = Some exclusive male activity protected by physical or normative barriers 6 3 = Ritualization given to this activity 14 4 = Definite ranking of men within this activity 9 5 = War training or planning a part of this activity (scalability = .88) Matrilineal Descent 696. Descent 93 . = Missing data 76 1 = Patrilineal, dual, bilateral, or other 17 2 = Matrilineal 697. Residence 96 . = Missing data 72 1 = All other 18 2 = Matrilocal Extended Families 698. Preferred Family Form (adapted from Murdock 1961) 97 . = Missing data 26 1 = Nuclear 23 2 = Stem 10 3 = Lineal 30 4 = Extended Political and Legal 699. Political Organization (adapted from Murdock 1961, p. 207) 93 . = Missing data 11 1 = Absence of local political integration - family heads acknowledge no higher authority 40 2 = Autonomous local community -- population below 1500 13 3 = Minimal State -- political integration in independent units averaging 1500 - 10,000 27 4 = Little State -- political integration in independent units averaging 10,000 - 100,000 2 5 = State political integration in a unit of 100,000 plu 700. Crimes against Person Punished 94 . = Missing data 37 1 = By person or group wronged 55 2 = By government action 701. Government full-time Bureaucrats 94 . = Missing data 62 1 = Full time bureaucrats unrelated to government head 30 2 = No full time bureaucrats, or only relatives of head 702. Community is part of a Kingdom (defined as a centralized political unit with centralized organs of political control, power to tax, and rule concentrated in a single office, which is hereditary -- following Stephens 1963) 99 . = Missing data 70 1 = No 17 2 = Yes 703. Community part of a Kingdom in the past that no longer exists 99 . = Missing data 74 1 = No 13 2 = Yes Private Property 704. Private Property 102 . = Missing data 70 1 = Absent 14 2 = Present Complexity 705. Settlement Type 93 . = Missing data 7 1 = Fully migratory or nomadic bands 21 2 = Seminomadic - bands which wander for at least half the year, but occupy a fixed settlement for some season(s) 22 3 = Neighborhoods of dispersed family settlements 28 4 = Separated hamlets, where several form more or less a single permanent community 12 5 = Compact and permanent village or town 3 6 = Complex settlements surrounded by homesteads or hamlets considered part of the community 706. Metalworking 100 . = Missing data 33 1 = Absent 53 2 = Present 707. Manufacture of Pottery 96 . = Missing data 26 1 = Absent 64 2 = Present 708. True Weaving 100 . = Missing data 43 1 = Absent 43 2 = Present 709. Social Stratification in the Larger Society 94 . = Missing data 24 1 = Lack of significant stratification among free men 31 2 = Differences in wealth and control, but not crystallized into distinct and hereditary social classes 11 3 = Dual stratification into hereditary elites and commoners 26 4 = Complex stratification into three or more classes/castes