THE RELATIVE STATUS OF WOMEN PART 2 Whyte, Martin K. 1978. Cross-Cultural Codes Dealing with the Relative Status of Women. ETHNOLOGY 17:211-237. Compiled with permission of Ethnology journal editors. STDS23.DAT Variables: 616-636 Only the odd numbered societies are coded in this study. Because of problems of locating sources, the Khmer and Marquesans were coded for later time periods than the pinpointed focus. The change in the focus was not sufficiently great to merit deletion of the Marquesan codes, although they draw on Auxiliary Primary Souces with a focal date of 1860 rather than 1800. As Divale has shown, shifts of focus between studies will lower reliabilities somewhat, in this case neglibly. Because the Khmer focus was changed from 1292 to 1860, however, Whyte's codes have been changed to "missing data" to avoid erroneous correlations. Betweeen 1987 and Dec 1989, codes for some of the even numbered societies, were filled in as coded by undergraduates at U.C. Irvine. The symbol ":" was used in the student codes to indicate coder disagreement. Student codes were found to be less reliable than the original codes, however, and the original Whyte codes were restored to the data disks in December 1989. At this time it was also decided that "original author codes" should be the exclusive standard for all further corrections. This enables the best use of reliability tests were applicable. 616. A Stated Preference for Children of One Sex 93 . = Missing Data 28 1 = For males 54 2 = Equal, no preference 11 3 = For females 617. Any Evidence of Infanticide 115 . = Missing Data 6 1 = Mostly for females 64 2 = For both, or for neither 1 3 = Mostly for males 618. Early Training for Adult Duties 93 . = Missing Data 1 1 = Boys are trained earlier generally 70 2 = Training begins at roughly equal ages, no stated bias by sex 22 3 = Girls are trained earlier generally 619. Punishment for Equal Misbehavior 93 . = Missing Data 3 1 = Boys are punished more severely 82 2 = Punishment about equal, no stated bias by sex 8 3 = Girls are punished more severely 620. Physical Punishment of the Spouse Condoned 123 . = Missing Data 39 1 = Only husband hitting wife generally 16 2 = Physical punishment by neither 8 3 = Either may hit the other, or only wife may hit husband 621. An Explicit View that Men Should and Do Dominate their Wives 123 . = Missing Data 42 1 = Yes 19 2 = No, evidence of rough equality 2 3 = No, evidence of wife dominance 622. Attendance and Participation in General Community Gathering 124 . = Missing Data 27 1 = Only men, or both, but men more often or more prominently 35 2 = Both equally, although perhaps segregated 623. Existence of General Female Initiation Ceremonies 110 . = Missing Data 36 1 = No initiations for females 8 2 = Customary minimal social recognition 10 3 = +Personal dramatization of the initiate 12 4 = +Organized social response 10 5 = +Affective social response (e.g., punishment or operations 624. Any Belief that the Status of Women has Changed in Folklore or History 93 . = Missing Data 6 1 = A belief it has declined 83 2 = No such belief, or no change 4 3 = A belief it has improved 625. High Value Placed on Males being Aggressive, Strong, and Sexually Potent 105 . = Missing Data 26 1 = Marked emphasis 33 2 = Moderate emphasis 22 3 = Little or no emphasis 626. Belief that Women are Generally Inferior to Men 93 . = Missing Data 27 1 = Yes 66 2 = No such belief 627. A Statement that Women Have More Informal Influence than Formal Norms of the Society Would Make It Appear 93 . = Missing Data 49 1 = No such statement or impliation 25 2 = A statement or implication of somewhat more informal influence 19 3 = A statement or implicaton of much more informal influence 628. Property Control Scale 93 . = Missing Data 4 1 = Women have low control over property 19 2 60 3 10 4 = Women have high control over property 629. Kin Power Scale 93 . = Missing Data 19 1 = Low power of women in kinship contexts 52 2 22 3 = High power of women in kinship contexts 630. Value of Life Scale 93 . = Missing Data 8 1 = Low value placed on women's lives 37 2 48 3 = High value placed on women's lives 631. Value of Labor 93 . = Missing Data 1 1 = Low value of women's labor 9 2 40 3 34 4 9 5 = High value of women's labor 632. Domestic Authority Scale 97 . = Missing Data 8 1 = Low women's domestic authority 21 2 32 3 28 4 = High women's domestic authority 633. Ritualized Female Solidarity Scale 93 . = Missing Data 26 1 = Low female solidarity 38 2 29 3 = High female solidarity 634. Control of Sex Scale 94 . = Missing Data 3 1 = Stricter controls over women's marital and sexual lives 56 2 33 3 = More equal controls over women's marital and sexual lives 635. Ritualized Fear Scale 93 . = Missing Data 6 1 = High ritualized fear of women 18 2 69 3 = Low ritualized fear of women 636. Joint Participation Scale 95 . = Missing Data 10 1 = Low joint participation of men and women 50 2 31 3 = High joint participation of men and women